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M9490747.TXT
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1994-09-24
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Document 0747
DOCN M9490747
TI HIV risk factors among injecting drug users in five US cities.
DT 9411
AU Battjes RJ; Pickens RW; Haverkos HW; Sloboda Z; National Institute on
Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857.
SO AIDS. 1994 May;8(5):681-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94338606
AB OBJECTIVES: To examine factors associated with HIV infection in
injecting drug users (IDU), the independent and interactive effects of
potential risk factors, and geographic differences in risk factors.
METHODS: IDU entering methadone treatment in New York City, Asbury Park
and Trenton in New Jersey, Baltimore and Chicago between February 1987
and December 1991 were interviewed using a standard questionnaire and
tested for HIV antibodies (n = 4584). Associations of HIV serostatus
with race/ethnicity, other demographic characteristics, and injecting
and sexual risk behaviors were assessed by logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS: African Americans were at increased risk for HIV in four of the
five cities, and Puerto Ricans in two cities. Injection in shooting
galleries and 'speedball' injection emerged as behavioral variables
highly associated with HIV, although interaction of these variables
indicates that each variable contributes to HIV risk only in the absence
of the other behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Geographic differences in HIV risk
factors and the interaction of 'speedball' and shooting gallery use
suggest that multiple HIV risk models are needed that reflect
seroprevalence rates, variation in risk behaviors, and the social
context of risk behaviors. Increased risk among racial/ethnic minorities
independent of risk behaviors, suggests the need to examine further
potential social and environmental factors, such as the social networks
in which injecting and sexual behaviors occur, HIV seroprevalence within
these networks, and the locales in which risk behaviors occur.
DE Adult Baltimore/EPIDEMIOLOGY Blacks Chicago/EPIDEMIOLOGY Cocaine
Comorbidity Comparative Study Dangerous Behavior Female Hispanic
Americans Human HIV Infections/ETHNOLOGY/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
HIV Seropositivity/EPIDEMIOLOGY Male Mexican Americans Multivariate
Analysis Needle Sharing/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA New
Jersey/EPIDEMIOLOGY New York City/EPIDEMIOLOGY Odds Ratio Puerto
Rico/ETHNOLOGY Risk Factors Sex Behavior/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA
Substance Abuse, Intravenous/*EPIDEMIOLOGY Substance
Dependence/EPIDEMIOLOGY Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. United
States/EPIDEMIOLOGY Urban Population JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).